LR05 — Blood Relations
🧠 AFCAT Reasoning · LR05
✈️ AFCAT Level
📌 AFCAT Pattern (LR05): Blood Relations contributes 2–3 questions per paper. A family relationship is described through a series of statements and you must determine how two people are related. The METHOD is everything: always draw a family tree on paper. Never try to solve in your head.
PART A — RELATIONSHIP VOCABULARY
1. Essential Relationship Terms
2. The Family Tree Method
Rule: Always draw a tree. Use these symbols: Square (□) = Male, Circle (○) = Female. Horizontal line = married, Vertical line = parent-child. Write the name/label inside each shape.
Worked Example 1 — Single Statement
Q: Pointing to a photograph, Arjun says “She is the daughter of the only son of my grandfather.” How is the girl related to Arjun?
Step 1: Arjun's grandfather → only son = Arjun's father
Step 2: Arjun's father's daughter = Arjun's sister
Answer: The girl is Arjun's Sister
Worked Example 2 — Multi-Statement
Q: A is B's father. C is B's sister. D is C's mother. E is D's father. How is A related to E?
Build tree: E → D (daughter) → B & C (children); A is B's father → A = D's husband (B's parent is A)
So: A is D's husband. D is E's daughter. A is E's Son-in-law
3. Coded Blood Relation Problems
Decode the Code First
- “A × B” means A is the father of B
- “A + B” means A is the mother of B
- “A − B” means A is the brother of B
- “A ÷ B” means A is the sister of B
- Then draw the tree based on decoded meanings
Common AFCAT Coded Format
- P @ Q means P is the wife of Q
- P # Q means P is the son of Q
- P $ Q means P is the brother of Q
- Draw: Q (male) → P (wife, female). Q's son = P#Q
- Always re-read the code table before drawing
📝 AFCAT PYQBlood Relations — AFCAT Pattern
Q1. Introducing a man, a woman says, “His mother is the only daughter of my mother.” How is the man related to the woman? (AFCAT I 2025)
- (a) Brother
- (b) Son
- (c) Grandson
- (d) Nephew
Answer: (b) Son
“Only daughter of my mother” = the woman herself. So the man's mother = the woman. Therefore: the man is the woman's Son. Draw: Woman's mother → Woman (only daughter). Woman = Man's mother. ∴ Man = Woman's Son.
Q2. A is the son of B. C, B's sister, has a son D and a daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D. How is A related to D? (AFCAT II 2024)
- (a) Cousin
- (b) Uncle
- (c) Brother
- (d) Nephew
Answer: (a) Cousin
Tree: B (parent) → A (son). C (B's sister) → D (son), E (daughter). F is D's maternal uncle = C's brother = B. So B = F. Now: A is B's son. D is C's son. B and C are siblings. Therefore A and D are Cousins (children of siblings).
Q3. If P + Q means P is the father of Q; P − Q means P is the wife of Q; P × Q means P is the brother of Q. Then what is R in: M − N + O × R? (AFCAT I 2024)
- (a) Nephew of M
- (b) Son of M
- (c) Grandson of M
- (d) Brother of M
Answer: (b) Son of M
Decode: M−N → M is wife of N (N is husband, M is wife). N+O → N is father of O. O×R → O is brother of R. So: N is married to M. N has a son O. O has a brother R. Both O and R are sons of N. M is N's wife → M is mother of both O and R. ∴ R is Son of M.
⚡ Quick Reference — LR05
Key Relationships
- Brother's/Sister's son = Nephew
- Brother's/Sister's daughter = Niece
- Uncle's/Aunt's child = Cousin
- Son's wife = Daughter-in-law
- Daughter's husband = Son-in-law
Method
- ALWAYS draw family tree
- Square = Male, Circle = Female
- Work backward from the known person
- For coded: decode table first, then draw
AFCAT Traps
- “Only son/daughter” = the person themselves
- Uncle/Aunt: maternal vs paternal matters
- Gender clues: “his/her/she/he” confirm gender
- When gender unclear, keep both options until resolved
This material is for personal AFCAT exam preparation only. Unauthorised reproduction prohibited.
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